Signs You Might Need Periodontal Treatment and What to Expect

What are the stages of periodontal disease? Learn the signs and find out when dental intervention is necessary. Explore the treatment process in detail today.

Gum disease often goes unnoticed until it's too late. You might not realize that your gums are silently deteriorating, putting your teeth at risk.

But here's the truth: periodontal disease is a serious condition that can lead to tooth loss if not addressed early.

In fact, the CDC reports that about four in ten U.S. adults aged 30 and older had some level of periodontitis between 2009 and 2014.

Understanding what are the stages of periodontal disease can help you take action before it's too late. Keep reading to learn how to recognize the warning signs and when to seek professional care.

What Are the Stages of Periodontal Disease?

Periodontal disease develops gradually, progressing through multiple stages requiring different care and treatment levels. Recognizing these early stages can help prevent severe complications and tooth loss.

1. Gingivitis

This is the earliest and mildest stage. Signs of gum disease at this point include red, swollen gums that may bleed when brushing or flossing. Thankfully, gingivitis is reversible with improved oral hygiene and professional cleanings.

2. Slight Periodontitis

If gingivitis is not treated, it progresses to slight periodontitis. At this stage, the infection begins to destroy the supporting bone, leading to the formation of small pockets between the teeth and gums.

3. Moderate Periodontitis

This stage is marked by deepened periodontal pockets, increased gum recession, and more noticeable bone loss. Teeth may start to loosen as the disease progresses.

4. Advanced Periodontitis

The most severe stage involves significant bone loss, deep gum pockets, and teeth that may shift or even fall out. Advanced periodontitis requires intensive treatment to prevent further damage and potential tooth loss.



Without prompt intervention, the infection can spread. This can lead to complications that affect overall health, including an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and diabetes.

Recognizing Periodontal Disease Symptoms

Ignoring periodontal disease symptoms can lead to severe consequences. If you experience any of the following signs of gum disease, consult a dental professional immediately:



• Chronic bad breath: Bacteria buildup in gum pockets can produce persistent bad breath
• Swollen, red, or bleeding gums: Healthy gums should not bleed during brushing or flossing
• Gum recession: When gums pull away from the teeth, they expose the roots, leading to sensitivity
• Loose or shifting teeth: Weakening of the bone and ligaments supporting your teeth can cause movement
• Pain when chewing: Discomfort while eating may indicate underlying gum problems
• Pus around the gums: Pus or sores between the teeth and gums are signs of infection that require immediate care.
  

When to Seek Periodontal Treatment

Early intervention is essential to preventing severe damage. If you experience any of the above periodontal disease symptoms, schedule an evaluation with a periodontist or dentist as soon as possible.



Regular dental check-ups are crucial for early detection and can prevent disease progression. The sooner you act, the less invasive your treatment will be.

The Periodontal Treatment Process

Understanding the periodontal treatment process can help ease any concerns about seeking care. Here's what you can expect.

1. Initial Consultation and Diagnosis

Before recommending a treatment plan, your dentist will conduct a thorough assessment of your oral health. Your dentist will begin with a comprehensive examination, including:

• Visual inspection of your gums
• Measuring periodontal pockets to assess disease severity
• X-rays to evaluate bone loss around the teeth

Based on these findings, your dentist will determine the appropriate treatment options for gums based on your condition.

2. Non-Surgical Periodontal Treatments

When gum disease is detected early, it can often be managed without surgery. For mild to moderate stages of gum disease, non-surgical treatments can be effective:

• Scaling and root planing: A deep cleaning procedure that removes plaque and tartar from below the gum line and smooths the tooth roots to promote healing
• Antibiotic therapy: Topical or oral antibiotics may be prescribed to control infection and inflammation
• Laser therapy: In some cases, dental lasers can be used to remove diseased tissue and bacteria with minimal discomfort

3. Surgical Treatment for Advanced Periodontitis

More advanced options must be considered when non-surgical treatments are no longer effective. For severe periodontal disease symptoms, these surgical interventions may be necessary:

• Flap Surgery (Pocket Reduction Surgery): The gums are lifted back to remove deep tartar buildup before being sutured into place
• Bone and gum grafts: If bone loss has occurred, grafting procedures may help regenerate lost tissue and support teeth
• Guided Tissue Regeneration: A technique used to stimulate the regrowth of bone and gum tissue lost to infection

4. Periodontal Maintenance and Follow-Up

After treatment, regular periodontal maintenance is crucial to prevent disease recurrence. This includes doing the following:



• More frequent professional cleanings (every three to four months instead of twice a year)
• Maintaining excellent oral hygiene at home
• Following your dentist's recommendations for additional therapies or care
  

Preventing Periodontal Disease

Prevention is always better than treatment. Follow these steps to maintain healthy gums:

• Brush twice daily with fluoride toothpaste and a soft-bristled toothbrush
• Floss daily to remove plaque from between the teeth
• Use an antibacterial mouthwash to reduce bacteria
• Eat a balanced diet rich in vitamins and minerals that support gum health
• Avoid smoking and excessive alcohol consumption, as they increase the risk of gum disease
• Schedule regular dental visits for professional cleanings and exams

Gum health plays a crucial role in overall well-being. Implementing these preventive measures can reduce your risk of developing periodontal disease.



Healthy gums contribute to strong teeth and a confident smile. Taking proactive steps now will benefit your oral health for years.

Protect Your Oral Health With Periodontal Care

Understanding what are the stages of periodontal disease and recognizing signs of gum disease early on can help prevent serious complications. Gum disease is not just a dental issue-it can affect your overall health.

If you are in Laurel, MD, and need periodontal care, Garland K. Davis, DDS, is here to help. With decades of experience since 1984, Dr. Davis provides comprehensive periodontal care focusing on education and prevention.



Schedule an appointment today to take the first step toward better gum health. Early intervention can save your teeth and protect your smile for years.